Volkswagen Electrical Problems

Volkswagen Electrical Problems

Electrical problems will invariably affect each and every new Volkswagen vehicle on the road today.  Generally, electrical problems are relatively easy to trace and repair, if you know what you doing, but it can be a nightmare when the faults present themselves as intermittent, especially considering cars have now gone CAN Bus, LIN Bus, Byteflight, MOST, Flexray, Zigbee, etc. VW EPC problems tend to be seriously intermittent, making every VW with an EPC issue a real bitch to diagnose.  Of late, more and more VW cars seem to be having EPC trouble among other bizarre electrical problems and very surprisingly, the VW service centers seem unable to repair them. 

Virtually everyone I know who has had an EPC issue, had to take their cars for repairs at least three to four times for exactly the same fault.  There are also numerous VW, SEAT, SKODA and Audi owners, who spent enormous amounts of money on replacement of "EPC issue causing components", yet the EPC faults remain. Essentially they lost money but I normally say they didn't loose money but bought experience and they paid dearly for it. Then there are others who are still waiting on the VW service agents / or some mechanic for their EPC problems to be solved after several months, a year and in some cases even longer.  

There was a time when virtually every electrical issue or loom (wiring harness) problem was associated  with the  FIAT brand. People even ascribed a nomenclature to FIAT - "First In All Troubles". However, it seems like Volkswagen  subsequently bought that patent, and now owns all right to it.

Electrical problems have never been as common place as they are today.

Let me give you an example, the wiring harness between the alternator and  the a  high voltage fuse box mounted on the battery of the VW Beetle has a tendency to melt or it just start to burn. It's a very well known problem and is also really common. It the  main reason that so many Beetles have burnt to a crisp. The Beetle wiring harness running between turn signals / headlights and the ECM is also troublesome -intermittent. The wiring harness resistance between the injector and the ECM changes over time from 1 ohm to above 30 ohms. The wiring harness resistance between the alternator and the battery also increases due to failing fans thus causing excessive current draw resulting in the wiring harness  over heating then melt.

I've seen VW Polo and VW Passt headlight wiring harness melt. The connectors tend to melt due to the type of plastic used and can be traced back to either arcing / overheating of the the bulbs or shorting out of deteriorated wiring. VW Passat coil pack wiring harness also prevents the car from starting and when water enters the wiring harness in the cowl area beneath the windshield,  it caused a short that normally damaged / corrodes the electronic control module. 

Both the Volkswagen CC and the Golf Mk5 GTI now seem to have throttle body wiring harness issues causing the EPC light to switch on and make the car go into limp mode. But there is no fault code that tells you the wiring harness is faulty or intermittent. Another VW CC harness problem to be on the lookout for, is the trunk lid harness that physically breaks over time  due to opening and closing of the trunk. A common problem on VW Pasat is the ignition wires that breaks inside its insulation, resulting in misfires.  VW sells a six pin throttle body sensor connector kit with yellow wires (below) that needs to be spliced onto the wiring harness to circumvent EPC issues when presented with wiring harness / G187 & G188 DTC errors.

Throttle body rewiring kit

Audi throttle body connector kit.  The wires kinda looks like single mode optical fibre cables along with  fusion splice protection sleeves

VW also sells a  six pin accelerator pedal  connector (below) that needs to be replaced as a solution to EPC problems when presented with wiring harness and G79 & G185 DTC errors. There is a likelyhood that this culture of poor quality wiring harnesses has spilled over into all the other VW models as well. To make matters worse, the newest mania among vehicle makers like Honda, Subaru and Toyota  for example,  are to use eco-friendly soy-based insulation wire for their engine wiring harnesses. VW's, Audi and Porsche, uses a soy based wire sheath to encase the engine harness. 

The six pin throttle pedal connector the goes intermittent causing EPC problems.

As a result, rats and squirrels are attracted by the aroma of the wiring harness and nibbles off the tasty insulation causing the bare wires to short out. Apparently these soy-based wire coverings are totally irresistible to rodents. As proof to this, several VW owners who have had electrical problems with their cars have vacuumed rats nests along with dog food chunk from their engine compartments. Others have removed several hands full of hazel nuts shells from their air filter boxes  that squirrels made their haven.  

Replacement six pin connectors for VW Audi SEAT and SKODA

Be that as it may, modern day car soy based car components are not a first, during World War II, some U.S. states used soybean fiberboard for their license plates, which proved extremely popular among goats that made a feast out of them. All I can say is, that VW service centers are going to make a small killing by replacing wiring harnesses of the millions of VW on the road today. Personally, I think you whole biodegradable "go green thing" , "eco this eco that" is overrated and is  getting out of hand. 

Some time back, some Dummkopf  -Dr. Dieter Zetsche- at Mercedes Benz decided that all Mercedes Benz cars manufactured during 1992 – 1996 should be fitted with biodegradable wiring. This leap toward eco friendliness by Mercedes Benz was well-intended but those wiring harness prematurely disintegrated due to engine heat and caused untold electrical problems. VW should in fact take a lesson out of the Mercedes Benz's annals.

See the cracks and the brittleness of the wire insulation after just a few ears of use

However, there is a DIY remedy for biodegradable, rodent enticing soy flavoured wiring harnesses.  Honda Acura Acura supplies a genuine-OEM rodent-deterrent duct tape, which is treated with capsaicin, - super-spicy red-hot chili pepper compound - that deters rodent.  Wrapping you VW wiring harness before rats discover your car is the way to go. Enough said, so let me return the subject at hand. 

Spicy anti rodent insulation tape,

In the not too distant past, Volkswagen Jetta models manufactured between  January of  2005 and January  of 2006 were sold with a "defective door wiring harnesses". It wasn't that the harness was defectives in the sense of not working but rather the harness was made too short. As a result, thousands of Jetta owners were experiencing similar problems as the harness started to chafe and disintegrate through regular use.

Common experiences included loss of power to the door controls, failure of the power window controls, failure of the power mirror controls, failure of the fuel tank latch release, failure of the boot lid release. Other weird experience included loss of audio to the speakers, a tripped air bag light on dashboard, when locking the door with the key fob remote the radio to turn on, or the key fobs just doesn't work, also having to recharged the battery continually because it runs down overnight. The interior door-open lights wouldn't turn off  and neither would the buzzer, the sunroof opened randomly. The turn signal in the side mirror stopped flashing and neither would the hooter work but would beep at odd times when you least expect it.  The windshield wipers worked occasionally and the car alarm would trigger unexpectedly and repeatedly.

In fact most VW Jetta owners complained about loss of some or all of the controls located on the driver's door.  These  faults weren't confined to the driver's door, because it was purely a matter of time before the the passenger door also developed a short or an open circuit in  one or more of its electrical circuit. The only way to remedy the problem was to replace the  broken harness with a genuine VW replacement which turned out to be some 80 mm longer than those fitted in the Jettas doors.

VW Jetta Front door replacement harness

A class action suit was leveled against Volkswagen alleging that they knew the door wiring harnesses were deliberately  made too short at the time these Jettas were sold. It was further alleged that Volkswagen shortened the harness by 80mm was  so that they could save costs, which  would ultimately lead to premature breaking of the door wiring harnesses boosting replacement harness sales.

However, most other Volkswagens electrical problems can possibly be traced back to a a troublesome ground. Water somehow enters the ground wires, in the cowling below the windscreen traveling inside the wire insulation resulting in corrosion. Always check the ground connections located  under the battery tray, or ground connections underneath the air cleaner box, or located inside the windshield wiper cowling or in the engine compartment, or the ground connections on the steering column or behind instrument cluster.   Covering the ground connections with battery terminal grease should offset the corrosion, if any, Remember poor ground connections, can cause a multitude of problems if it they become loose, can cause anything from cam sensor codes, to instrument cluster problems like erratic speedometer display, to misbehaving fuel gauge, to a dead gear indicator light, to non operational windshield wiper,  to a flickering digital clock , etc. 

Volkswagens that are equipped with air conditioning  are subject to high ambient temperatures which often causes the battery to get drained whenever the radiator fan kicks in at full speed with the ignition shut off.  Under high heat conditions, the gas pressure of the refrigerant can activate the A/C high pressure switch, triggering the high speed radiator fan relay to activate the cooling fan. Volkswagen has subsequently recommended a replacement fan relay switch with other minor modification of the A/C high pressure switch wiring, to solve this problem.

Replacement Radiator fan control switch

Whenever your VW misbehaves and you cannot put your finger on it, the best thing to  do is to investigate every ground lug on every bit of the engine wiring harness that you can get at. Loosen it, cleaned it with a  wire brush and some emery cloth and if needs be replace ground lugs that are corroded and possible even the screw/ nut. Don't forget to retorque the nut to the requisite tension. It may even be beneficial to add a second heavy duty ground strap to decrease resistance if any. Heavy duty welding cable from a welders supply store is far more  tolerant to vibration than your average cheap jumper cable wire. Starting difficulties can often be traced / associated to a poor ground connection. 

Remember when repairing wiring harnesses that soldering is not the recommended nor the appropriate method of repairing  it.  Solder joints are not flexible and tend to break after  while due to vibration.  Always use insulated crimp lugs and bullets like these below on connecting terminals especially at ground distribution points.

Lugs, bullet and spade connectors for repairing ground connections.

There is a tendency among car manufacturers to  miniaturize the physical size of electrical connector contacts and thereby the oversize of the connector. The problem is that the surface area of contact is remarkably reduced and are thus prone to intermittent contact under vibration. This has now become very evident on the wiring loom connectors that interface with the throttle body and the accelerator pedal to the point that they need to be replaced when they go intermittent. Don't bother to spray them with contact spray, just replace them. they are cheap enough to buy rather than suffer constant EPC issues and they are even available on Amazon, ebay, DHgate, and other online auction.

@DomLittlewood I need your help on a case I have with Volkswagen. A Brand new Volkswagen Polo numerous electrical problems & now caught fire

— Deano Luke (@95deanluke) August 30, 2016

On-Board Diagnostics

All about On-Board Diagnostics

On-board diagnostics are here to stay and any amount of wishing will not make them go away. Virtually every  car on the road today is fitted with one. The main objective behind having on-board equipment installed in automobiles is to control and  limit the level of harmful emissions emitted by these cars. Eco friendly motoring is the new way of keep the global carbon footprint to a minimum. Every motorist is responsible for their own. So when the check engine turns on, the on-board diagnostic equipment is trying to tell you that your car is failing its emission test and that it should be repaired before its going to drive properly again.

best obd scanner - There is no such thing as the best OBD scanner. But there is the best OBD scanner for a specific brand of car. For example VCDS is the best for Volkswagen (VAG) whereas  iCarsoft i980 is better suited for Mercedes Benz and BMW Scanner v1.4.0 OBD2 / OBDII Diagnostic Interface is best for BMW. LAUNCH, VAS 5054A ODIS,  AutoBoss, TOAD, MaxiDas, etc, are multi car diagnostic systems and are more suited for workshop use than DIY. There are plenty of DIY scanners among which are Autel MaxiScan MS509, Innova 3100,  Konnwei KW820, PowerLead Cadt PL-OM580, AutoPhix OB123, Acton CP9575, and hundreds of others, any one of which would probably the best scanner for a car owner. 

bluetooth obd - most likely refers to ELM 327 Bluetooth OBD2 / OBDII for Android that works pretty well with downloadable apps like OBD Auto Doctor, OBDeleven, OBD eZWay, OBD Car Tracker, OBD Fusion and OBDLink etc. This turns your cellphone or tablet a niffty diagnostic device.

car obd - refers to the on-board diagnostic system all car makers are obligated to install in vehicles manufactured after  1996 and beyond.

car obd reader - refers to an app or a hardware device that connects to a car via an interface cable or via bluetooth or WiFi

obd - is an automotive term referring to a vehicle's self-diagnostic and reporting ability.  

obd adapter - is normally a cordless bluetooth enabled adaptor that plugs into the car's 16 Pin DLC much like the ELM327 does. There are severa dozen manufactures who make them, amongs which are the Ozzy Gear OBD2 Scanner Bluetooth, Hikeren OBD2 Bluetooth Module, iAutomobil OBD2 Bluetooth Module, Foseal Mini OBD Bluetooth Scanner Adapter, Panlong Bluetooth OBD2 Scan Adapter, BAFX Products 34t5 Bluetooth OBDII Scan Tool.

obd android - there several OBD android devices. Vgate Bluetooth 4.0 OBDII is a Code Reader for both IOS & Android,  Hikeren Mini Bluetooth OBD2 is another  Car Scan Tool for android and HH OBD Advanced ELM327 OBDII V1.5 is yet another android Bluetooth Diagnostic Tool.

obd bluetooth - is the bluetooth enabled version of the scanner described above which is commonly used with a cell phone / tablet apps, and can also work with a bluetooth enabled laptop.

obd bluetooth adapter - is just another term use to refer to an OBD android / bluetooth adapter or  obd bluetooth android adapter.

obd cable - is a physical interface that plugs into the car's DLC. For example, VAG-COM V409.1 OBD OBD2 USB Cable is an OBD cable and so is KKL OBD2 USB Diagnostic Cable  both used specifically for Audi, VW, SEAT and SKODA.

obd car - Any car with either and OBD-I or OBD-II system installed. There are older cars that are completely devoid of diagnostics.

obd codes -  Are On-Board Diagnostic Codes, sometimes referred to as fault codes

obd code reader - is a handheld DIY device that purely extracts data from the ECU bus but can alter the data nor write it back to the ECU.

obd connector - refers to the DLC fitted under the dashboard close to the drivers seat. It can easily be identified by its light purple colour in VW's.

obd device - BMW motorcycle combo - OptiMATE  canbus connector is an OBD device and so are most of the adapter, cables and bluetooth connectors mentioned above.

obd diagnostics

obd reader - normally a hand held deice capable of reading OBD data from the car's ECU but not able to write back to it.

obd system - is a standardized microcontroller based system installed in cars that continually monitor its emission control systems, by using engine mounted electronic sensors and feed back from the catalytic converter 

obd diagnostic interface - refers to the USB to 16 pin DLC cable, that connects between the car and the laptop computer used to interrogate the ODB system.

obd interface - as above


obd i scanner - OBD I scanners are used on pre 1996 cars. It's been succeded  by OBD II.

obd ll - sometimes called OBD eleven, but its just a play on OBD-ii in upcase Ls. There is a bluetooth android device named ODB eleven.

obd ii - Is sometimes written as OBD 2 and is the current version of automotive vehicle On-board Diagnostics introduced in 1996 which superceded OBD 1 used in cars prior to that.

obd ii scanner  - refers to any an all devices capable of interfacing with the On-Board diagnostic system of a car used to read error codes.

obd port - The connector  fitted under the dashboard or behind the ashtray inside the car where the bluetooth adapter or the OBD inerface cable plugs into.

obd scanner - can either be a handheld  hardware device or a laptop based software /software device that interfaces with  the car's DLC, capable of reading the ECU, displaying DTCs, etc, and can either be OBD1 or OBD II.

obd scan tool - see obd scanner above.

obd tester - is an OBD scanner, that can take the form of a dedicated handheld device, or a computer based scanner or cellphone or tablet based scanner.

obd tools - refers to a collection of either diagnostic software or 

obd wifi - a codless device much like a bluetooth ELM 327 but that is rather WiFi enabled.

I liked a @YouTube video https://t.co/ArNrcfsGho OBD 2, On-board diagnostics, CARGURU, How to Diagnose your Engine, error

— Naseeb Singh (@kvnnaseebsingh) June 22, 2017

TO CHIP OR NOT TO CHIP

TO CHIP OR NOT TO CHIP

The word chip has entered our vocabulary by force and is loosely used in everyday speech but it has absolutely nothing to do with deep fried thin potato slices or potato wedges. A chip in this sense refers to a mico-chip, as in monolithic integrated circuit, or micro computer chip, or micro processor integrated chip or just IC for short. Integrated Circuit chips or IC's first appeared in the 60's as a complete electronic circuit etched onto a small piece ("chip") of semiconductor material, embedded in a dual inline plastic package. It essentially replaced much of the circuitry dominated by silicon transistors or entire silicon transistor circuits, which started replacing vacuum tubes just a decade previously. In a nutshell, a single IC can contain hundreds or thousands, or millions, or even billions of transistors on a single piece of silicon just the size of an adults "pinky" nail, subject to its level of integration. The level of integration range from small scale integration, to large integration (LSI), to very large scale integration (VLSI), each using up to as many as a  million transistor to form logic gates, flip-flops and multiplexers.

Small integration (SSI) and LSI Analogue and digital Chips 

Over three decades, IC's metamorphosed from a meager 8 pin dual inline package, for example the analogue NE555  timer chip, to the digital but now obsolete 132-pin package i386 processor, to several other surface mounted low-profile quad flat packages (LQFP).  But within  a few short years we surpassed the Pentium 4 chip and arrived at the Intel Core i7  Thin Quad Flat Package (TQFP) processor. The most current Intel chip to date, is the  LGA 1151 Socket, Coffee Lake Quad Core Computer Processor. However, somewhere between theses two extremes, PLCC's, ROM's, PROM's, EPROM's, EEPROM's, RAM, SRAM, DSRAM, PSRAM, Flash Memory, PROFET Highside Power Switches, Microprocessors and 32-bit microcontrollers  evolved.

Some specifically designed for the automotive industry, for  use in Engine Control Module's (ECM), Electronic Control Units (ECU's) Transmission Control Units (TCU's), Anti-skid Braking System ABS units and so many other automotive controllers.  Automotive Chips have been around for several years, but is currently in great demand, and to say that this technology has evolved, is probably the understatement of the century. In fact Automotive  Chips  advancements progressed rapidly,  improved unequivocally, matured almost instantly and  became largely scalable and highly integrated. Software programming gave these Automotive Chips a degree of artificial intelligence, most of them configured by car manufacturuers for average performance to extend engine and transmission lifespans so that they would last through the warranty period. 

Stainless Steel Exhaust Downpipes 

Since Automotive Chips are programmable and configurable, many have ventured into  chipping them. Chipping an ECM / ECU for some means removing the ROM containing the ecu's stock maps and replacing it with a new chip containing maps altered for enhanced performance. However, a ECU dump can be changed with a hex-editor and the ROM can be reflashed with diagnostic software like, REVO Stage 1 Performance Software, TOAD, RomRaider, EcuFlash, VAG CAN Pro (VCP), Winols, Galletto, etc, using the appropriate Chip Tuning / Flashing Interface. Hacking an ECU  can be pretty straight forward, especially with VAG COM diagnostic tools, which permits you to find  where the various maps reside in memory, then filling them with new or experimental values. 

K&N VW Polo air Filter induction kit

This procedure is not as simple as it sounds and is best left to the tweekers who have some knowledge of MISRA C.  MISRA C is a software development standard for the C programming language specifically developed by the Motor Industry Software Reliability Association. Since ECU programming is a very specialized business, any errors or accidental changes can prove disastrous and scramble your ECU permanently, unless you have a saved ECU dump to revert back to.  ECU maps can be found strewn all over the internet especially those for older cars. But be forewarned, they may not work as expected.

Carbonised Valves before and after

Having said that, many car enthusiasts  want their cars tweaked for more power, cleaner emissions, better fuel economy and better performance, expecting at least 20% more power and at least 20% more torque. But these are not realistic expectations for non-turbo cars with a standard engine. Also chiptuning is subject to climate and atmospheric pressure meaning a engine tuned for top performance at sea level will not perform optimally at high altitudes and vise versa. Also remember that tuning for performance is at the other extreme to tuning for  economy.  According to my son, whose VW Golf 7 R was optimised  with RaceChip One for Increased Acceleration & Performance with a 76mm stainless steel downpipe, Intake Induction kit & Intercooler upgrades,  Blow Off Dump Valve Adapter Spacer Kit, DPF & EGR Removed and fitted with a Bilstein B12 Eibach 30mm/30mm Lowering Suspension Spring Pro Kit, when he speeds he can actually see his fuel level decrease as the needle races towards empty. Definitely money not well spent.



There are several chiptuning workshops strewed throughout South Africa, some better than others and some not worth their salt, all offering Volkswagen  ECU Remapping and Chip Tuning services for older and newer models. Among them are, Alpha Performance Inovation, Chiplogic, Tuned2Race, ATM Chiptuning, CPI Performance Innovation, DTE Systems SA, Wulfchiptegnik, Unichip Performance Tuners and GT Performance, etc. I've have several friends who had their VW's Chiptuned but they are definitely not happy with the results, saying that ECU Remapping and Chip Tuning is just a ripoff, it's like pouring money down a drain. 

However, for the DIY car enthusiast with an older 2.0L VW Citi Golf, weber 40mm sidedrafts, a 300deg cam  and a  solid lifter head, is a feasible performance investment that can deliver 112kw 207nm.  Add a Blow Off Dump Valve Adapter Spacer Kit to vent   extra boost air into the atmosphere instead of sending it back into the engine's intake manifold besides the WHOOOSHH sounds is really awesome!!

Blow Off Dump Valve Adapter Spacer Kit

ECU Remap via OBD port, ECU Reprogramming & Software upgrade & Chip Tuning, Injection timing, injection quantity, injection pressure, boost pressure and air mass flow, Better Throttle Response, Optimized Fuel Efficiency. Enhanced Throttle Response, GTI VW Polo GTI, VW Golf 5, VW Golf 6 R, VW Golf 6 GTI, VW Golf 7 R, VW Golf 7 GTI, VW Polo TDI, VW's Audi A4/A5/S5 Audi S3 8V Audi S3 8P  Audi RS3/TTRS Audi RS5 / RS6

NO PROBLEM FOUND

NO PROBLEM FOUND

Have you ever taken your under warranty car to your service agent after experiencing extreme EPC Light and Engine Light activity, only to be told "No problem found"? Does the inside of your under 75,000km  car sound like an aviary when you turn-on it's fan? Or, do you constantly have to top-up your oil level between oil changes or at least every 1500 km? How do you handle it, when you go to the agents, to complain about excessive oil consumption, only to be  told that, “all cars use oil and oil consumption is a normal part of a car’s operation, beside oil consumption issues were disclosed in the vehicle owner’s manual". Has your car behaved like a washing machine during a rinse and spin cycle while driving on the freeway, misfiring, shaking and scaring the living day light out of you? If yes to any of the above, then you must be driving a VAG Car - VW, Skoda, Audi or Seat. Yes, when those injector coils go faulty in mid travel, it really frightens you because the car feels like is going to fall apart any moment.  

This also happens to VW, Jetta, VW Caddy, Volkswagen Jetta, Volkswagen Golf, Volkswagen Beetle, Volkswagen Passat, Volkswagen Touareg, Porsche Cayenne, Volkswagen Amarok, Volkswagen Caddy, Volkswagen CC,  Volkswagen Fox, Volkswagen Gol G5,   Volkswagen Golf Mk6,  Volkswagen Jetta, Volkswagen Scirocco,  Volkswagen Sharan, Volkswagen Tiguan, Volkswagen Touareg,   Volkswagen Touran, Audi A3, Audi A6, Audi A7, Audi A8, Audi Q5, Audi Q7, Volkswagen Phaeton, Volkswagen Polo, Volkswagen  Lupo and Volkswagen Passat.

I've experienced the radiator fan blades disintegrate while driving, and the unbalanced rotation caused the same, exact, identical, engine shake. Then I've also experienced starting difficulties, irregular idling, poor fuel economy, hesitant acceleration, engine misfires and engine stalls. Not to mention the the constant, "in your face" red engine  warning light. All of which turned out to be components of the charge air path, especially the Mass Airflow Sensor (MAF).

When the "No problem Found" response became unbearable, it was time for self discovery. So what I've come to realize is that a mass air flow sensor, is integral part of every modern VAG engine and is normally situated somewhere inside the intake air duct, between the air filter and the engine. 

I've owned several cars, amongst which were Renault, Opel, Mercedes Benz and Mazda yet never ever had the need to replace a MAF even after several years. However with VW, it needs to be cleaned or replaced regularly every 2-3 years. Cleaning a MAF is cheaper than replacing it though replacing a MAF sensor is just easier. It is DIY job because the MAF replacement cost at a VW dealers averages about R1500,00. 

MASS AIRFLOW SENSOR 

VAG engines require a "perfect blend" of air and fuel for absolute combustion. This "perfect blend" is known as stoichiometric or Lambda = 1, which essentially means "the mixture is right" in mechanical jargon. The vacumn caused by the turbo blower and the pistons down-ward travel creates air charge. The main aim of the charge air path is to provide a smooth increase in torque, and to deliver high efficiency throughout its  operating ranges. This air charge is measured by the MAF, so by implication a  properly functioning MAF is absolutely crucial to a smooth ride. But in modern Engine Management Systems their are several components that contribute to maintaining this "perfect blend" among which are:-

1) The Electronic throttle control (EPC)
2) Charge air pressure sensor G31
3) Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor G70
4) Barometric Pressure (BARO) sensor F96
5) Intake Air Temperature (IAT) sensor G42 / G299

So any fault in the Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor G70 will trigger the EPC light, because the Motronic engine control unit (ECU)  uses it as an engine load signal and as a reference data to calculate the  signal plausibility of other sensor inputs, when and how much fuel to deliver, and when to generate a spark for the relieve cylinder. At the same time, it will also trigger a DTC in memory. The MAF also works in conjunction with an O2 sensor that provides a “closed-loop” feedback  known as short term fuel trim (STFT) / Long term fuel trim (LTFT), in order to make corrections to that predicted air mass. If the air filter isn't replaced on a regular basis, a build- up of impurities in the MAF will cause it to start failing when it gets too dirty to do its job and trigger the EPC light. 

ENGINE STALL / SHUTS OFF WHILE DRIVING

Engine stalls / shuts off while driving.

Of all the cars built by Volkswagen, the Jetta seems to be the most troublesome VW, and out of all the Jetta models manufactured, since its inception, the 2015 model seems to be the most problematic. Problematic  is perhaps isn't  the best adjective nor the most appropriate word that Jetta owners would use to describe their vehicles.  Most of them say their cars are, very scary and highly dangerous, because of the engine suddenly stalling,  especially in places where it's unsafe to stop. 

Female VW Jetta owners are now generally upset, afraid and some are even terrified to drive their cars, because of their frightful experiences with their cars losing power on the highway / express lanes, as the EPC and engine light turns on. They are fearful and generally worried that it could happen again. All of them convinced that it can lead to a very serious accident, also  stating that the car feels like a death trap when it stalls in fast moving traffic. Many of them feel it is unsafe for them to drive with their children in a car with the potential of being in a rear collision at any time, or get them all killed. They are disappointed and disgusted by Volkswagen personal for not caring about their complaints.

We're talking about new cars and well maintained cars, cars that are taken care of, most with less than 20 000 km on their clocks and one with as few as 30km on its clock, that needs to be towed to the VW service centers. To make matters worse,  roadside assistance sold with these Jettas have an ETA of 3 hours. And to crown the problem, VW agents can't seem to find the reason why these Jettas turn  off in mid travel, yet they are always replacing spare parts. They blame it on a central fuse which was not properly installed, or on the  wiring harness to the gas accelerator housing. Some blame it on calibration, yet it doesn't fix the problem. When a VW dealer was told that the car is unable to accelerate after stopping at a traffic light or at stop street, they echoed that they've never heard of this happening to any other Jetta before, yet this problem seems to be as common as sand.

 In fact it is really common on the 2009 Volkswagen  Routan -  traction control light comes on and the vehicle  completely loses power, engine shuts off while driving and the steering locks. If ever there was a   safety issue, then this is it. Then there is the smell of  gasoline or diesel inside the cabin which the service centers dismiss as an overfilled fuel tank which turned out to be leaky high pressure fuel pump on a 2015 Jetta. Then there is the cooling fan that runs at high speed after the ignition as been turned off, and as a consequence drains my battery.

When these Jettas switch off, nothing works not even the SOS roadside button, so it more like electrical than mechanical, though when the car goes into limp mode the steering system locks and the car cannot even be steered out of harms way. To add insult to injury, VW is unwilling to recall these Jettas and these problems don't seem to be covered by the  VW warranty. 

Somehow certain problems tend to be specific to certain Jettas models, for example, the 2004 and the 2015 Jetta seem to have engine problems though not exclusively.  Clutch clutch failure in the 2015 Jetta  is also common. The 2003 and the 2016 Jettas appear to have transmission problems though also not exclusively. The 2006 tend to have interior electrical accessories issues and the  2009 Jetta seem to have problems with their 'brakes' and ABS module failure. Jetta with FSI and TSI direct injection engines are subject to carbon buildup in the intake system which can cause power loss. It is wise to clean the intake manifold, cylinder head ports  every 30,000 kilometers..

Jetta SE V4 Turbo, Jetta CLI, Jetta S 2.0L, Jetta SE V4 Turbo, Jetta SE 1.8t, Jetta Trendline Plus 2L, Jetta TDI, Jetta TSI 1.8L

REDUCED COST OF OWNERSHIP

REDUCED COST OF OWNERSHIP

Global automaker Volkswagen AG hasn't been the flavour of the month for more years than I care to remember. Their unpopularity started with the emissions scandal that engulfed the company for cheating on emissions tests over a period of six years; not to mention the recalls and poor customer service at virtually all their service centers globally that further pissed off their clients. It was their initial denial, arrogance  and passing of the buck by high ranking VW executives that severely angered VW car owners. The cheating and lying of these individuals compromised most VW owners globally because the trade-in value of their vehicles fell substantially. Dealers were saddled with VW vehicles cars that wouldn't sell because the general public eschewed VW with a passion. 

In an attempt to win back customer confidence, Volkswagen is offering a six-year or 72,000 miles warranty on two of its all new big-ass 2018 sport utility vehicles (SUVs). This new 72,000 miles, (120 000 km) warranty surpasses, the industry-standard of 60,000 mile (100 000km) by a good 20 000 km or 1 year's worth of driving. Generally sport utility vehicles only come with a standard three-year/36,000-mile warranty whereas Volkswagen  announced  their enhanced warranty for both their 2018 Atlas and Tiguan SUVs. According to Hinrich Woebcken, Chief Executive Officer for Volkswagen Group of America, the objective of this extended warranty is to reduce the cost of ownership for the owners of these new Volkswagen SUVs. The new 4Motion AllWheel Drive VW Alas shares the MQB platform with the Mk7 Golf hatchback; and it can park itself, it can do so even do so in  perpendicular parking spaces. It monitors blind spots and  resist errant lane changes, and even sports the ability to adaptively cruise  in stop-and-go traffic. 



The interior of the Atlas is aesthetically pleasing and cavernous with three rows of seats that provides comfortably seating for  seven adults. It also sports a  meaningful cargo space behind the third-row seat, which when folded flat extends to a user-friendly deck for loading. The Atlas is propelled by a 2.0-litre turbo L4, with an eight-speed automatic front-wheel drive, whereas the 3.6-litre V-6 engine version comes in all-wheel drive. These big-ass SUVs are what Big-ass Americans want, and the Atlas is designed to accommodate the biggest asses you can imagine. The Atlas of the forerunner to the new-look, completely redesigned Tiguan compact SUV destined to be built in  Mexico. This 5-door, 5-seat Tiguan SUV is available in two 1.4 TSI engines, the first as a 92kW for both the Trendline (manual only) and Comfortline manual, while Comfortline auto (DSG) gets the 110kW version.  The 2.0 TSI 162kW top of the range Tiguan with Golf GTI power will be available shortly, to be followed by the 2.0 TDI engines that are available in 81kW, 105kW or 130kW. The Tiguan is sold in some 170 countries globally, which makes this SUV one of the important vehicles in the Volkswagen stable alongside the Golf, Polo and Passat.



However, regardless of the newest and the latest in VW motion, the Diesel emission scandal is still haunting the automaker and in the wake of their admission of guilt, Volkswagen executives agreed to spend up to $25 billion in the USA, to settle legal claims brought against them by Volkswagen owners,  state governments, environmental regulators and VW car dealers. They even offered to buy back about half a million  diesel vehicles that are known to be polluting the USA. In an attempt to rebuild goodwill, Volkswagen offered to pay out $1,000 in cash or dealership credits to VW vehicle owners who can also receive a free 24-hour road service for three years. Over and above this, VW dealers will offer them a $2,000 cash rebate toward their  new car purchase.

Volkswagen's hopes to become the world’s largest automaker after being in this top spot for only two months, were dashed after Toyota Motor Corp reported global production figures of almost a quarter million ahead of Volkswagen today. The  Renault-Nissan Alliance with Mitsubishi also pulled ahead of Volkswagen, leaving this giant German car maker in 3rd spot. For now at leat, but what will the future hold?

WHY DOES VOLKSWAGEN AND AUDI KEYS COST SO MUCH?

WHY DOES VW AND AUDI KEYS COST SO MUCH? 

I'm certain it's a fair question to ask, "Why does a Volkswagen or Audi key cost so much?" It's obviously not made of solid gold or  platinum, nor from the mythical "rear and expensive" material called kryptonite, yet it seems to commands the same price range. For that matter, "Why do all automotive keys cost so much"?It's totally incomprehensible that a key would cost more than the monthly installment of the latest version of the car whose key is in 
question. Its just really expensive, so how to manufacturers justify these charges? Some locksmith can supply the same Volkswagen key or any car key for that matter for a lot less than any automobile agent can; and they can normally also replace most car keys much quicker than the agents. That being said, most people scramble around to get a replacement key after they've lost the only key they have. So, the first rule of owning a car key says, "if there's a possibility of losing the key, or there's a chance of it getting stolen, or locked inside the car, or even breaking, then its imperative get a copy cut before your are forced to have a copy made". 

DUPLICATING A KEY FROM ANOTHER KEY

Today almost all cars manufacturers have pretty much developed their own special type of locks. For example,  Ford and Jaguar have adopted the 8 cut Tibbe lock whereas VAG and Volvo have adopted the ‘Laser’ type lock. So before we continue, we have to acknowledge that not all keys are born equal, because keys generally fall in several categories. There are non vehicular dimple keys and tubular keys, then there  are standard single sided flat steel keys. Then there are non-transponder edge-cut automotive double sided keys steel keys and to duplicate these from another key is the easiest and costs the least and average around R50.00, mearly because those key blacks are cheap and abundant. Then there are the transponder type keys (laser  cut) keys and to duplicate these from another key cost a lot more than that of a flat steel key.  They average around R150.00 - R200.00 because the blank is substantially more expensive, but the main reason for their cost higher, is that one also requires a sophisticated milling key cutting machine with a special cutting adapter kit that cost ten times more than a flat key cutting machine. 

Then there is the high security Tibbe key and to duplicate such a key, roughly cost the same as cutting a transponder key. Tibbe keys also requires the same sophisticated milling key cutting machine fitted with a different cutting Tibbe Key Adapter Kit.  

CUTTING A KEY FROM A CYLINDER  

When you need a key cut but you don't have a sample key, the cost will depend  on the make, the model, the type and the year of manufacture of such vehicle. In such a case the key can be reverse engineered by a locksmith of considerable skill, from either the ignition lock, which then has to be removed from the car or from the drivers door lock, which would also have to be removed from the car. A successfully made key should then be able to start the car, unlock the doors, the boot and the glove compartment as well as the petrol cap if all components are still standard originals. 

Reverse engineering a key is a time consuming, thus a costly exercise and it would be well worth to remember "the first rule of owning a car key". Alternatively, the key can be duplicated from its key code, using the appropriate key duplication equipment and software which is more geared towards the later model cars. However few locksmiths offer this service and since the Tibbe key is not all that common, very few locksmith have the equipment and skill to cut them.

CUTTING TRANSPONDER KEYS

Transponder keys are extremely diverse and quite costly to duplicate for a number of reasons. The key blanks are more costly and the decoding equipment and bitting software needed to duplicate them is also expensive. Probably the best way to duplicate these keys, are from the key code using a computerized key cutting machine. Key codes can be generated from your VIN using the freely downloadable AutoCode - VIN to Key Code Generator App. However, you pay per code, on-line. CodesExpress is similar, but InstaCode is the most comprehensive key data software available today.   It  is compatible with a wide range of electronic, and manual key cutting machines and able to produce the  bitting number from the key code automatically. Its menu allows selections for manufacturer, model and key blank and code.  

But that's not the end of it, because after the key is cut it will open the door but will not start the engine. The fob key electronic head needs to be programmed or replaced with the appropriate frequency, either 315MHz VW/Jetta, 433MHz VW/Audi, or 434MHz VW/Skoda, 868MHz Audi, etc, etc,  and further programming to allow the remote to activate and operate the central locking. You can do this yourself but only if you have a second key, and I'll describe the procedure  in a success blog.

PROGRAMMING

The Philips  Crypto code  transponder duplication / RFID transponder complexity still needs to be contended with after providing proof that the car to which the key in question belongs, is rightfully yours. Programming the Philips  Crypto code Transponder is expensive puerly because the equipment like the JMD Handy Baby, or the MiraClone, or the 884 Decryptor Ultegra, or the AD900Pro needed to duplicate the transponder are currently quite expensive.  

IMMOBILIZER

Virtually every car built after 1996 is equipped with some sort of an anti-theft device that circumvents “hot wring” or theft of the 
the car. Volkswagen calls its system, an Immobilizer. So when the VW key with its embedded  Phillips cryto  transponder / T6 Glass Chip RFID transponder  is inserted into the key hole, it is energized by the reader coil located in the steering column, allowing the evaluation unit (ECU) to authorize  the car to start. If all's well and the codes is verified as correct the car will start, if not, the car will start momentarily and switch off immediately.

CONCLUSION

Having looked at what it takes to produce a valid key, it goes without saying that it's going to be expensive purely because non of the transponder copier manufacturers and key cutting machine manufacturers and the key moulding manufacturers have had a return on their investments as yet. This should change over time but only if enough people loose their keys or if everyone who owns a single key has it duplicated. Essentially when the demand for keys increases. Then and only then will the price reduce. Be that as it may, since Volkswagen doesn't manufacture or cut the key themselves nor program the transponder chip but only act as a middle man to get the key to you, its probably best that you go directly to the locksmiths they use to produce their keys and since Volkswagen's locksmith use the same equipment and keys used by the professional locksmith trading down the street, it is imperative that you support him rather than pour your hard earned cash into the VW money pit. Just last week, a friend who works as a chauffeur was the victim of a  home burglary and the thief stole the key to his boss's Mercedes Benz C320.  When they phoned Orbit Motors to get a replacement, they were quoted R10K  for a key. The bossman was astounded at the price and repeated that he wants to bey a key and not shares in Orbit Motors.

WARNING

Do not be tempted to but keys or transponders off e-bay, e-bid or other e auction. In most cases these transponder chips are plain 
junk. They do not work. There are so many fake items manufactured globally and electronic chips are no different. I've bought several dozen of 4000 series integrated circuits off e-bay, most of which were duds. I think these chips are produced when the production lines were set up and the masks haven't been perfected, which should've ostensibly been dumped, but some how they find their way onto the black market which in my estimate is just another money pit. 

RANSOMWARE

RANSOMWARE

VW POLO HIGHLINE

Do you know what Ransomware is? Well, for those who don't know, it is a type of computer malware that encrypts your computer documents, photos, databases, files and other general computer data, then demands payment (ransome) to obtain the decryption key. Computer hijackers and hackers normally spread Ransomware, attached to an emails that once executed, opens a security hole in your computer system for them to exploit. The latest ransomware makes use of your computer's RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol) port to gain access to computers holding sensitive information. The RDP port is aka as port 3389. However ransomware is not limited to laptops, notebooks and desktop computers, virtually every device that are connected to an IoT (Internet of  Things) platform can be encrypted for ransom and the possibilities are quite varied. An IoT platform is essentially a suite of interrelated Internet enabled devices that deploy  applications that manage, monitor, and control connected devices.

The Internet of Things embrace technologies like Wi-FI, UWB, CAN bus, Bluetooth, ZigBee, RFID (radio frequency identification), GSM OnStar Telematics (GPS,  Tracking & remote door unlocking, Voice recognition & wireless Internet connection) Flexray, sensors, smart phones, smart homes, digital machines and mechanical objects, people or even animals that are allocated a unique identifiers -IPv6 address- with the innate ability to transfer data over a network. 

Can you imagine a hijacker capable of hacking healthcare IoT devices and medical implants; holding pacemaker patients hostage demanding payment or he will turn off their device, without any need for physical contact.  Can you imagine your car demanding money before it will start? Yes, I'm sure you can. Every VW Audi, Skoda and Seat or for that matter every car truck or tractor that was manufactured before 1996 with its glut of sensors, smart relays and internet connected telematics can hold its owner to ransom. An ECU may not hold ransomware per se but it might as well be because every time your cars coughs or sneezes it demands money. And when it refuses to start, it is as if you are being blackmailed by Volkswagen Audi Seat or Skoda into paying them some money before they get your car to start.  

I have a friend who owns a Porsche that he hardly ever drives. When he attempted starting her after about a month in the garage, the  multi-function dashboard display lit-up in red, displaying "battery/alternator visit workshop", then reverted to its normal colours displaying "undervoltage consumer defective". When the specialist Porsche mechanic arrived and jump started the car, several other light that were never on started to light up. Like the brake pad warning light, oil level monitoring failure and the check engine light and finally the  visit workshop message.

Understandably, the amount of automation in our cars today are suppose to make them safer, better and cheaper to maintain but the converse is true. The average VW owner spends virtually 30% of the value of the car before they finally give up on the car. This implies that by the time three VW owners get rid of their cars, Volkswagen got paid for four. VAG car keys are another hijack or ransome. 

Not too long ago I locked my keys in the boot of my VW Polo Highline. I simply thought just buying another key would solve all my problems. But I was mistaken nor was it that simple. I had to furnish them with my Particulars of purchase, copy of registration document,  and the VIN, just to prove that th car belonged to me. The cost of the key wasn't a few hundred rands but a few thousand rands from the a VW dealer, but that's just for the key. It still had to be programmed at a undeclared cost, so that the RFID transponder in the steering stalk of the car can communicate with the key. If that's not holding car owners to ransom then I don't know what is.

All the VW Polo Highline vehicles held to ransom by Volkswagen.
vw polo highline
volkswagen polo 1.2 l highline
volkswagen polo 1.2 l highline d
volkswagen polo 1.2 mpi highline
volkswagen polo 1.2 tsi highline 5d
volkswagen polo 1.2 tsi highline neupreis
volkswagen polo 1.4 5p. highline
volkswagen polo 1.4 highline 75cv
volkswagen polo 1.4 highline 75cv 3p
volkswagen polo 1.4 highline 75cv 5p
volkswagen polo 1.4 highline 75cv opiniones
volkswagen polo 1.4 highline 80cv
volkswagen polo 1.4 tdi highline 75cv
volkswagen polo 1.4 tdi highline 75cv 5p
volkswagen polo 1.4 tdi highline 75cv consumo
volkswagen polo 1.4 tdi highline 80cv
volkswagen polo 1.6 l highline
volkswagen polo 1.6 l highline review
volkswagen polo 1.6 tdi highline usata
volkswagen polo 1.9 tdi highline 96kw for sale
volkswagen polo 6n2 highline
volkswagen polo classic 1.6 highline nasıl
volkswagen polo highline 1 4
volkswagen polo highline accessories
volkswagen polo highline audio system
volkswagen polo highline ausstattung
volkswagen polo highline black
volkswagen polo highline blue
volkswagen polo highline bluetooth
volkswagen polo highline colours
volkswagen polo highline deep black
volkswagen polo highline diesel mileage
volkswagen polo highline diesel on road price
volkswagen polo highline diesel on road price bangalore
volkswagen polo highline diesel on road price in chennai
volkswagen polo highline diesel on road price in hyderabad
volkswagen polo highline diesel price in india
volkswagen polo highline diesel review
volkswagen polo highline diesel second hand
volkswagen polo highline diesel used
volkswagen polo highline diesel used cars
volkswagen polo highline images
volkswagen polo highline india
volkswagen polo highline india review
volkswagen polo highline interior photos
volkswagen polo highline interiors
volkswagen polo highline km 0
volkswagen polo highline mexico
volkswagen polo highline mileage
volkswagen polo highline model
volkswagen polo highline occasion
volkswagen polo highline on road price
volkswagen polo highline petrol features
volkswagen polo highline petrol mileage
volkswagen polo highline petrol on road price bangalore
volkswagen polo highline petrol user reviews
volkswagen polo highline price bangalore
volkswagen polo highline price in chennai
volkswagen polo highline price in mumbai
volkswagen polo highline r line
volkswagen polo highline red
volkswagen polo highline review
volkswagen polo highline review team bhp
volkswagen polo highline specifications
volkswagen polo highline specs
volkswagen polo highline sr
volkswagen polo highline tdi
volkswagen polo highline tyre size
volkswagen polo highline vs gt
volkswagen polo highline vs hyundai i20 asta
volkswagen polo highline vs swift zxi
volkswagen polo highline white
volkswagen polo india highline price
volkswagen polo reviews highline petrol
vw polo 1 2 tsi 105 highline 5d
vw polo 1 6 tdi 105 highline 5d
vw polo 1 6 tdi 90 highline bm 5d
vw polo 1 6 tdi highline
vw polo 1.2 cr highline bsiv
vw polo 1.2 cr highline bsiv price
vw polo 1.2 highline 64ps
vw polo 1.2 highline review
vw polo 1.2 tsi dsg highline
vw polo 1.2 tsi dsg highline optimum
vw polo 1.2 tsi highline eu
vw polo 1.2 tsi highline forum
vw polo 1.2 tsi highline jahreswagen
vw polo 1.2 tsi highline kopen
vw polo 1.2 tsi highline pepper grey
vw polo 1.2 tsi highline r-line
vw polo 1.4 fsi highline
vw polo 1.4 highline
vw polo 1.4 highline gebraucht
vw polo 1.4 highline nasıl
vw polo 1.6 tdi highline gebraucht
vw polo 1.6 tdi highline km 0
vw polo 1.9 tdi highline
vw polo 1.9 tdi highline 74kw
vw polo 1.9 tdi highline 96kw
vw polo 1.9 tdi highline 96kw for sale
vw polo 1.9 tdi highline for sale
vw polo 2.0 highline for sale
vw polo 2.0 highline fuel consumption
vw polo 2.0 highline review
vw polo 2.0 highline specs
vw polo 5 highline
vw polo 50 servo highline
vw polo 60 servo highline
vw polo 6c highline
vw polo 6n highline
vw polo 6n2 highline ausstattung
vw polo 6r highline
vw polo 6r highline ausstattung
vw polo 6r highline test
vw polo 81 kw highline
vw polo 9n highline
vw polo 9n highline ausstattung
vw polo 9n3 highline
vw polo classic 2.0 highline
vw polo classic 2.0 highline for sale
vw polo gp 1.2 tsi highline
vw polo highline
vw polo highline 1 2 tsi
vw polo highline 1 4 tdi
vw polo highline 1.2 tsi
vw polo highline 1.2 tsi 2014
vw polo highline 1.2 tsi 2015
vw polo highline 1.2 tsi dsg
vw polo highline 1.2 tsi test
vw polo highline 1.4
vw polo highline 1.4 16v
vw polo highline 1.4 2010
vw polo highline 1.6
vw polo highline 1.6 tdi
vw polo highline 1.6 tdi dpf
vw polo highline 1.6 tdi dpf 90ps 7-dsg
vw polo highline 2006
vw polo highline 2009
vw polo highline 2010
vw polo highline 2011
vw polo highline 2013
vw polo highline 2013 india
vw polo highline 2014
vw polo highline 2015
vw polo highline 2016
vw polo highline 2017
vw polo highline 90 ps
vw polo highline ablagefach
vw polo highline adac test
vw polo highline ausstattung
vw polo highline automatik
vw polo highline autoscout24
vw polo highline baujahr 2000
vw polo highline black
vw polo highline diesel
vw polo highline diesel 2013
vw polo highline diesel 2014
vw polo highline diesel ebay
vw polo highline diesel gebraucht
vw polo highline diesel india
vw polo highline diesel price
vw polo highline diesel review
vw polo highline diesel review team bhp
vw polo highline dsg
vw polo highline eu neuwagen
vw polo highline executive
vw polo highline facelift
vw polo highline features
vw polo highline for sale
vw polo highline gebraucht
vw polo highline gebraucht kaufen
vw polo highline gebrauchtwagen
vw polo highline india
vw polo highline interior
vw polo highline jahreswagen
vw polo highline kaufen
vw polo highline km 0
vw polo highline konfigurator
vw polo highline konfigurieren
vw polo highline kopen
vw polo highline leasing
vw polo highline lenkrad
vw polo highline limousine
vw polo highline mexico
vw polo highline music system
vw polo highline navi
vw polo highline neu
vw polo highline neues modell
vw polo highline neupreis
vw polo highline neuwagen
vw polo highline nieuw
vw polo highline pepper grey
vw polo highline petrol
vw polo highline petrol 2011
vw polo highline petrol 2013
vw polo highline petrol price
vw polo highline petrol review
vw polo highline petrol team bhp
vw polo highline petrol user review
vw polo highline plus
vw polo highline price
vw polo highline price in chennai
vw polo highline price in kolkata
vw polo highline r line
vw polo highline review
vw polo highline second hand
vw polo highline shadow blue
vw polo highline specials
vw polo highline specification
vw polo highline specs
vw polo highline tageszulassung
vw polo highline tdi
vw polo highline te koop
vw polo highline team bhp
vw polo highline test
vw polo highline tsi
vw polo highline tsi test
vw polo highline tyre size
vw polo highline tyres
vw polo highline udstyr
vw polo highline usado
vw polo highline usata
vw polo highline velgen
vw polo highline video
vw polo highline vs comfortline
vw polo highline vs sr
vw polo highline vs swift zdi
vw polo highline vs swift zxi
vw polo highline weiß
vw polo highline wiki
vw polo highline xenon
vw polo highline youtube
vw polo trendline comfortline of highline
vw polo tsi highline for sale
vw polo tsi highline manual
vw polo tsi highline review
vw polo unterschied comfortline highline
vw polo unterschied trendline comfortline highline
vw polo v highline
vw polo variant highline

vw polo wersja highline